CONCRETES WITH ADDITIVES PRODUCED BY SOL-GEL METHOD
CONCRETES WITH ADDITIVES PRODUCED BY SOL-GEL METHOD
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22337/2587-9618-2025-21-4-73-82Keywords:
heavy concrete, Portland cement, ultrafine additives, sol-gel method, silicic acid sol, superplasticizer, vitreous perlite, crystallized perlite, compressive strength, flexural strength, dense concrete structureAbstract
Additives with various functional purposes are used to modify concrete. Ultra- and nanodispersed additives produced using sol-gel technologies show great promise. The article examines different methods for producing modifying additives of silicon dioxide sol and metal hydroxides to enhance the properties of concrete for unique structures, civil engineering projects, and road construction.
The research utilized aluminosilicate materials—perlite rocks with varying degrees of crystallinity—as active mineral additives. Ultra-dispersed additives were obtained through the hydrolysis of a strong base and weak acid salt—sodium silicofluoride (Na2SiF6), hydrolysis of Portland cement, and hydrolysis of inorganic salts such as CaCl2, Ca(NO3)2, and CaSO4. Another method for producing a colloidal additive to modify cement stone and concrete involved mixing liquid colloidal fungicidal sulfur with water.
Modification with sulfur sol increases concrete strength by 10–25% for constructing fuel storage buildings and hydraulic structures of nuclear power plants.
Concrete for hydraulic structures using a complex additive containing silicic acid sol and superplasticizer is characterized by high physical-mechanical, hydrophysical, and operational performance.
When using an ultra-dispersed additive obtained through Portland cement hydrolysis, the strength of heavy concrete increases by 24% at the design age.
It has been established that modifying concrete for road pavements with micro-dosages of colloidal solutions of inorganic salts (CaCl2, Ca(NO3)2, CaSO4) increases the compressive and flexural strength of the composite. Ultra-dispersed additives have the greatest impact on accelerating the gain of concrete strength within the first 7 days of curing.
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