VARIATION OF PORE WATER PRESSURE IN OVER-CONSOLIDATED CLAY UNDER CYCLIC LOADING: EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION
Main Article Content
Abstract
Under cyclic loading, the cyclical effect of external load during loading time will result in multiple rearrangement of soil particles, and thus causing the particles to arrange more closely together than un static loading. As the soil volume decreases with increase in the number of loading cycles, the accumulated excess pore water pressure dissipates through draining of the soil. This study presented results of prediction the behavior of clay in partially drained cyclic plane test. The results from cyclic triaxial test on a highly plastic marine clay were formulated to predict the time dependent variations of excess pore pressure and axial strains during partially drain cyclic loading. The study further revealed that when saturated clay is exposed to cyclic loading, the reduction in effective stress due to the generation of excess pore water pressure leads to a decrease in soil strength. Over the long term, the accumulation of pore water pressure in saturated clay is influenced by various factors, including the magnitude of the applied load, its frequency, and the intrinsic properties of the soil.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Terzaghi, K., Theoretical Soil Mechanics. John Wiley and Sons Inc. New York, 1943.
Davis, E.H. and Raymond, G. P. (1965). A nonlinear theory of consolidation. Georechnique, 15(2), 161-173.
Wilson, N. E. and Elgohary, M. M. (1974). Consolidation of soils under cyclic loading. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 11(3), 420-423.
Baligh, M.M. and Levadoux, J. N. (1978). Consolidation theory for cyclic loading. Journal Geotechnical Engineering Div, Proc. ASCE, 104(GT4), 415-431.
Fevaretti, M. and Soranzo, M. (1995). A simplified consolidation theory in cyclic loading conditions. In proceedings of international symposium on compression and consolidation of the clayey soils, Japan, 405-409.
Crawford, C. B. (1964). Interpretation of consolidation tests, J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., ASCE, Vol. 90, Issue 5, pp. 108-124.
Bjerrum, L. (1967). Engineering geology of Norwegian normally consolidated marine clays as related to settlements of buildings. Geotechnique, Vol. 17, Issue 2, pp. 81-118.
Gholamreza, M. and Anoushiravan, R. (1974). Theory of Consolidation for Clays. Journal of the Geotechnical Engineering Division, ASCE, Vol. 90, Issue 8, pp. 87-102.
Yin, J. H. and Graham, J. (1989a). Viscous-elastic-plastic modeling of one-dimensional time dependent behavior of clays. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 26, pp. 199-209.
Yin, J. H. and Graham, J. (1989b). General elastic viscous plastic constitutive relationships for 1-D straining in clays. Proc. of 3rd International Symposium on Numerical Models in Geomechanics. Niagara Falls, Canada, pp. 108-117.
Xie, K., Tian, Q. Dong, Y. (2006). Nonlinear analytical solution for one-dimensional consolidation of soft soil under cyclic loading. Journal of Zhejiang university science, 7(8), 1658-1364.
Chen R.P, Zhou W. H., Wang H. Z. and Chen Y. M. (2005). One dimensional nonlinear consolidation of multi-layered soil by quadrature method. Computers and Geotechnics, 32, 358-369.
Guo-Wei L., Thang N. N., and Andrew C. A., Settlement Prediction of Surcharge Preloaded Low Embankment on Soft Ground Subjected to Cyclic Loading. Marine Georesources & Geotechnology, Vol. 34, Issue 6, 2016, pp.154-161.
Li G. W., Li X., Ruan Y. S., Hou Y. Z., and Yin J. H., Creep model of over-consolidated soft clay under plane strain. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, Vol. 35, Issue 11, 2016, pp.2307–2315.
Hu Y. Y., Yang P., and Yu Q. Z., Time effect of secondary consolidation coefficient of over-consolidated soil. China Journal of Highway and Transport, Vol. 29, Issue 9, 2016, pp. 29–37.
Leroueil, S., Compressibility of Clays: Fundamental and Practical Aspects. ASCE Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1996. 122(7): p. 534-543.
Yin, J. H. and Graham, J. (1994). Equivalent times and one-dimensional elastic visco-plastic molding of time-dependent stress-strain behavior of clays. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, Vol. 31, pp. 42-52.
Yin, J. H. and Graham, J. (1996). Elastic visco-plastic modeling of one-dimensional consolidation. Geotechnique, Vol. 46, Issue 3, pp. 515-527.
ZHU Deng-feng, H.H.-w., YIN Jian-hua, Cyclic creep behavior of saturated soft clay. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2005. 27(9): p. 1060-1064.
Nguyen Ngoc Thang. (2023). Creep behaviour of saturated clay subjected to cyclic loading in plain strain condition. Journal of Science and Technology in Civil Engineering, HUCE, Vol. 17, Issue. 2, pp. 35–46.
Hyodo M., and Yasuhara K., Analytical procedure for evaluating pore-water pressure and deformation of saturated clay ground subjected to traffic loads. Proceedings of the sixth international conference on numerical methods in geomechanics, Innsbruck, Austria, Vol. 1, Issue 3, 1988, pp. 653-658.
Yasuhara K., Hirao K. and Kato S., Cyclic induced settlement in soft clay. 8th European Conf, SMFE, Vol. 1, 1991, pp. 887- 890.
Hyodo M., and Yasuhara K., Analytical procedure for evaluating pore-water pressure and deformation of saturated clay ground subjected to traffic loads. Proceedings of the sixth international conference on numerical methods in geomechanics, Innsbruck, Austria, Vol. 1, Issue 3, 1988, pp. 653-658.
Yasuhara K., Hirao K. and Kato S., Cyclic induced settlement in soft clay. 8th European Conf, SMFE, Vol. 1, 1991, pp. 887- 890.
Ling J. M., Wang W., and Wu H. B., On Residual Deformation of Saturated Clay Subgrade under Vehicle Load. Journal of TongJi University, Vol. 3, Issue 11, 2002, pp. 1315- 1320.
XIE, K.H., WANG, K., CHEN, G., and HU, A., One-dimensional consolidation of over consolidated soil under time-dependent loading. Frontiers of Architecture and Civil Engineering in China, 2008. 2(1): p. 67-72.
Fujiwara, H. and S, Ue. (1990). Effect of preloading on post-construction consolidation settlement of soft clay subjected to repeated loading. Soil and Foundations, Vol. 30, pp. 76-86.
Nash, D. (2001). Modeling the effects of surcharge to reduce long term settlement of reclamations over soft clays: A numerical case study. Soil and foundations, Vol. 41, Issue 5, pp. 1-13.
Li, G., Li, X., Ruan, Y., Hou, Y., Yin, J. et al., Creep model of over-consolidated soft clay under plane strain. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, Vol. 35, Issue 11, 2016, pp. 2307–2315.
Li, G. W., Zhou, Y., Ruan, Y. S., Huang, K., Yin, J., Plane strain tests on creep characteristics of over-consolidated clay. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, Vol. 36, Issue 6, 2014, pp. 1028–1035.
Li, G., Huang, K., Ruan, Y., Li, X., Yin, J., The effect of principal stress ratio on creep behaviour of over-consolidated clay under plane strain conditions. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, Vol. 34, Issue 12, 2015, pp. 2550–2558.
Yuzhou H., Yang Z., Boyi Z., and Guowei L., Experiments of creep rate for over-consolidated clay under plain strain condition and a simple correlation. All Earth, Vol.33, Issue 1, 2021, pp. 88-97.
Thang N. N., Experimental investigation of creep behaviour of saturated soft clay subjected static loading. International Journal of GEOMATE, Vol.25, Issue 108, 2023, pp. 81-88.
Nguyen, N. T., Experimental investigation of creep behaviour of saturated soft clay subjected static loading. International Journal of GEOMATE, Vol. 25, Issue 108, 2023, pp. 81–88.