NEW ALTERNATIVE APPROACH FOR THE ALGERIAN SEISMIC DESIGN CODE (RPA) OF RC BUILDING WITH SOFT FIRST STORY
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Abstract
Soft first story buildings, including Reinforced concrete frameworks, are particularly vulnerable during severe earthquakes, making them a critical concern in densely populated cities where such buildings are necessary. The Boumerdes earthquake stands out as one of Algeria's most devastating natural disasters in recent history due to the significant loss of buildings and lives. A notable observation from this earthquake was the collapse of many homes that had open retail spaces or parking areas on their first floors. Several factors contributed to the collapse of these soft first story buildings:
- Insufficient Transversal Reinforcement: There was a lack of adequate transverse reinforcement in terms considering both of quantity and detailing.
- More Flexible or Weaker First Story: The first story of these buildings was often more flexible or weaker compared to upper stories.
- Absence of Shear Walls: The absence of shear walls compromised the lateral load resistance of buildings, especially those with open spaces on the first floor.
Due to the vulnerabilities highlighted by the Boumerdes earthquake, it is imperative to revise and strengthen the Algerian Earthquake-Resistant Design Code (RPA) It is vital to implement stricter guidelines, particularly regarding the construction of soft first-story buildings. These revisions should focus on improving the structural integrity and seismic resilience of such buildings to reduce future risks during earthquakes. By updating the seismic code with rigorous standards for the construction of soft first-story buildings, Algeria can enhance building safety and reduce the potential for catastrophic damage and loss of life in future seismic events.
The objective of this analytical study is to propose amendments to the Algerian seismic code to mitigate the collapse of soft first-story buildings during earthquakes. The study uses the energy constant law as its analytical framework.
In this research, the buildings of interest were modeled using the SAP2000 software. The Pushover analysis method was employed to analyze the seismic behavior of these structures.
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