HIGHER-MODE EFFECTS IN GLASS PANE RESPONSE TO CLOSE-RANGE BLAST: A FINITE ELEMENT AND SDOF MODEL COMPARISON
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Abstract
The structural performance of glass panes under blast-induced pressures is commonly analyzed using single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) models, which assume that the response is governed by the fundamental mode of vibration. However, in close-range explosion scenarios where the load duration is significantly shorter than the natural period of the glass pane, higher-mode effects can become significant. To enhance the blast resistance of glass panels, it is important to understand their behavior under a wide range of explosion scenarios, including close-range blasts. Unlike previous studies that have primarily focused on long-distance explosions with relatively long load durations, this study investigates the dynamic response of glass panes under short-duration blast loads. The investigation is conducted using calibrated finite element (FE) simulations on glass panes with varying dimensions and thicknesses, subjected to different blast intensities. Key response parameters examined include deflection shapes, bending stresses, and shear stresses. Results indicate that while the SDOF model can reasonably predict the maximum deflection of glass panes, it significantly underestimates peak bending and shear stresses in short-duration blast scenarios. A power-law relationship is proposed to quantify the discrepancy between SDOF and FE stress predictions as a function of the load duration-to-natural period ratio. These findings reveal the limitations of conventional SDOF models and highlight the need to account for higher-mode effects in the design of glazing systems exposed to close-in explosions.
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