НАПРЯЖЕННО-ДЕФОРМИРОВАННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ВНЕЦЕНТРЕННО СЖАТЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ ИЗ ВЫСОКОПРОЧНОГО БЕТОНА ПРИ ДЛИТЕЛЬНОМ НАГРУЖЕНИИ
НАПРЯЖЕННО-ДЕФОРМИРОВАННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ВНЕЦЕНТРЕННО СЖАТЫХ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ ИЗ ВЫСОКОПРОЧНОГО БЕТОНА ПРИ ДЛИТЕЛЬНОМ НАГРУЖЕНИИ
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22337/2587-9618-2025-21-1-157-188Ключевые слова:
высокопрочный бетон, зола уноса, микрокремнезем, железобетон, ползучесть, внецентренно сжатые элементы, прогибы, деформацииАннотация
Объектом исследования в данной работе являются железобетонные внецентренно сжатые элементы из высокопрочного бетона с использованием минеральных добавок (зола уноса, микрокремнезем). Исследование напряжено-деформированного состояния внецентренно сжатых элементов выполнялось на примере железобетонной колонны. Колонна в возрасте бетона 90 суток подвергалась длительному нагружению в пружинной установке сжимающей силой, равной 66 кН, с эксцентриситетом 12.5 см. Продолжительность нагружения составила 245 суток. В период выдерживания под нагрузкой измерялись средние деформации в сжатой зоне, средние деформации сжатой и растянутой арматур, перемещения (прогибы) и ширина раскрытия трещин. Опытные данные сопоставлялись с теоретическими, полученными в соответствии с шаговым вариантом метода упругих решений (метод ступенек). В этом методе непрерывное изменение напряжений и деформаций в железобетонных элементах под нагрузкой заменяется на ступенчатое изменение. Весь исследуемый период времени разбивается на отдельные интервалы (шаги). В конце каждого интервала условия совместности деформаций нарушаются из-за ползучести бетона. Восстановление условий осуществляется за счет упругих деформаций при выполнении условий статического равновесия. Результаты сравнения показали, что рассмотренный метод удовлетворительно описывает изменения деформаций и прогибов внецентренно сжатых колонн из высокопрочного бетона при длительном нагружении. Кроме того, впервые шаговый вариант метода упругих решений использовался для вычисления ширины раскрытия трещин.
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