ЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ МЕТОДА КРУПНЫХ ВИХРЕЙ К РАЗМЕРУ РАСЧЁТНОЙ ОБЛАСТИ И РАЗРЕШЕНИЮ СЕТКИ В ИДЕАЛИЗИРОВАННОМ ГОРОДСКОМ УЛИЧНОМ КАНЬОНЕ
ЧУВСТВИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ МЕТОДА КРУПНЫХ ВИХРЕЙ К РАЗМЕРУ РАСЧЁТНОЙ ОБЛАСТИ И РАЗРЕШЕНИЮ СЕТКИ В ИДЕАЛИЗИРОВАННОМ ГОРОДСКОМ УЛИЧНОМ КАНЬОНЕ
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22337/2587-9618-2026-22-2-51-72Ключевые слова:
Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD), Street Canyon, Turbulence flow, Large-eddy simulation (LES), Wind-tunnel, Computational parametersАннотация
Была выполнена серия расчетов с использованием метода моделирования крупных вихрей (LES) для исследования влияния размера расчетной области и разрешения сетки на прогнозирование течения в идеализированном городском уличном каньоне. Были рассмотрены три продольных размера области в сочетании с грубым, средним и мелким размером сетки. Высота зданий H сохранялась постоянной, а коэффициент формы каньона (отношение ширины улицы к высоте зданий) был принят равным единице. Статистические характеристики потока оценивались в центральном каньоне каждой конфигурации и сравнивались с доступными данными продувки в аэродинамической трубе. Результаты моделирования с помощью LES показывают, что рассчитанные профили средней скорости хорошо согласуются с экспериментальными измерениями для всех случаев. Как размер области, так и разрешение сетки оказали минимальное влияние на компоненты средней скорости, что позволяет предположить, что среднее течение внутри уличного каньона может быть надежно предсказано с использованием относительно небольшой расчетной области в сочетании со средним или мелким разрешением сетки. Это дает вычислительно эффективный вариант для анализа среднего течения. С другой стороны, было обнаружено, что турбулентные характеристики более чувствительны к разрешению сетки, чем к размеру области. Мелкое разрешение сетки значительно улучшает прогнозирование пульсаций скорости и переноса импульса, тогда как меньшие области, как правило, дают менее согласованные результаты по турбулентности. Следовательно, хотя малые или средние области могут быть пригодны для оценки среднего течения, они не рекомендуются для детального анализа турбулентности. В целом, данное исследование подчеркивает важность балансировки размера области и разрешения сетки для получения надежных результатов при использовании LES с учетом минимизации вычислительных затрат, предоставляя практические рекомендации для исследований CFD-LES течений в городских уличных каньонах.
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